Biography of Maharana Pratap
Who was Maharana Pratap?
Maharana Pratap is considered an exemplar of Rajput valor, poise, and tenacity. He was the only warrior to fight a war against the Mughals. He had never given up on anyone for his own benefit. He loved his people very much and also joined them in the freedom struggle. He was defeated in the battle of Haldighati with Akbar, but never surrendered and continued to struggle till the end of his life. So today we will learn about these. .....
Personal Information | |
|---|---|
| Name | Maharana Pratap |
| BirthDay | 9 May 1540 |
| Died | 19 January 1597 |
| Age | 56 |
| Birth Place | Kumbhalgarh, Mewar, India |
| Occupation | Raja |
| Citizenship | British India |
| Language | Hindi |
| Height | 2.26 m |
Maharana Pratap was born (Jyeshtha Shukla Tritiya Sunday Vikram Samvat 1597 accordingly) on 9 May 1540 in Udaipur, Mewar. Maharana Pratap's mother's name was Jaiwantabai, daughter of Sonagara Akhairaj of Pali. Maharana Pratap was called Kika in his childhood. Maharana Pratap was crowned at Gogunda. Since childhood, Maharana Pratap was courageous, brave, self-respecting, and freedom-loving. As soon as he sat on the throne of Mewar in 1572, he faced an unprecedented shock, but with patience and courage, he faced every calamity.
Family of Maharana Pratap
Rana Udai Singh's second queen Dheerbai, known as Rani Bhatiyani in the history of the state, wanted her son Kunwar Jagmal to succeed Mewar. As a successor to Pratap, Jagmal goes into the camp of Akbar as a protest against it.
Maharana Pratap's first coronation takes place in Gogunda on February 28, 1572, but Rana Pratap's second coronation took place in Kumbhalgarh fort in 1572 AD by law, Rathore ruler Rao Chandrasen of Jodhpur was also present in the second coronation.
Rana Pratap had a total of 11 marriages in his life. The names of his wives and his sons and daughters received from him are: -
Queen Ajabde Panwar: - Amarsingh and Bhagwandas
Amarbai Rathore: - Natha
Shemati Bai Hada: -Pura
Alamdebai Chauhan: - Jaswant Singh
Ratnavati Bai Parmar: -Mal, Gaja, Klingu
Lakhabai: - Raibhana
Jasobai Chauhan: -Kalyandas
Champabai Janthi: - Kalla, Sanwaldas and Durjan Singh
Solankhinipur Bai: - Sasha and Gopal
Phulbai Rathore: - Chanda and Shikha
Khichar Ashabai: - Hathi and Ram Singh
Education of Maharana Pratap
As a child, Maharana Pratap started being trained to wield a shield because his father wanted to make him a skilled warrior like himself. Child Pratap showed his indomitable courage at an early age. When he used to go out to play with the children, he used to form a team in talk. Along with all the children of the team, they also practiced the shield sword, which made them very successful in wielding weapons. Time passed slowly. The days changed into months and months changed into years. Meanwhile, Pratap Astra became adept at running weapons and Uday Singh Phule could not contain his confidence.
Battle / Battle of Maharana Pratap and Akbar
The most interesting fact in the reign of Maharana Pratap is that the Mughal emperor Akbar wanted to bring Pratap under his control, so Akbar appointed four ambassadors to convince Pratap, in which Jalal Khan first entered the camp of Pratap in September 1572 AD., In the same order to Mansingh (1573 AD), Bhagwandas (in September 1573 AD) and Raja Todarmal (December 1573 AD) to Pratap Arrived to explain, but Rana Pratap disappointed the four, thus Rana Pratap refused to accept the subjugation of the Mughals resulting in the historic war of the Haldi valley.
He had a fierce battle in the Haldi Valley with the vast army of Mughals. The valor he displayed there is unique in Indian history, he protected the dignity of his ancestors and vowed that he would not consume state happiness until he had freed his kingdom. From then on he started sleeping on land, he wandered in the Aravalli forests suffering, but he did not accept the subjection of the Mughal emperor. He gave his life to protect his motherland.
Maharana Pratap decided to make his half-brother Jagmal asking, according to his father's last wish, but Chundawat Rajputs, a confidant of Mewar, considered Jagmal to sit on the throne, and forced Jagmal to leave the throne. Jagmal was not inclined to relinquish the throne but he went to Ajmer to take revenge and joined Akbar's army and in return, he got the manor of Jahazpur.
During this time, Prince Pratap got the title of Maharana with the 54th Shakkar of Mewar. In Maharana Pratap's time, Akbar was crowned in Delhi and Akbar's policy was to use the power of Hindu kings and take the second Hindu king under his control. In 1567, when Prince Pratap was made successor, he was only 27 years old and the Mughal forces surrounded Chittor.
The ideal of valor that Maharana Pratap presented was unique. The circumstances he struggled with were really complicated, but he did not give up. If the Rajputs could get a respectable place in Indian history, then the credit goes mainly to Rana Pratap. He did not allow his motherland to be subdued or tarnished. They forced the huge Mughal forces to chew iron gram. The Mughal emperor Akbar wanted to win his kingdom and merge it with his empire, but Rana Pratap did not let this happen and fought for a lifetime.
Apart from Maharani Jayawanta, Rana Udai Singh had other wives in which Rani Dhir Bai was the beloved wife of Uday Singh. Rani Dheer Bai intended that her son Jagmal Rana should succeed Uday Singh. Apart from this, Rana Udai Singh also had two sons, Shakti Singh and Sagar Singh. They also had the intention of taking over the throne after Rana Udai Singh, but both Praja and Rana Ji considered Pratap as the successor. That is why these three brothers hated Pratap.
Apart from Maharani Jayawanta, Rana Udai Singh had other wives in which Rani Dhir Bai was the beloved wife of Uday Singh. Rani Dheer Bai intended that her son Jagmal Rana should succeed Uday Singh. Apart from this, Rana Udai Singh also had two sons, Shakti Singh and Sagar Singh. They also had the intention of taking over the throne after Rana Udai Singh, but both Praja and Rana Ji considered Pratap as the successor. That is why these three brothers hated Pratap.
Maharana Pratap's height was seven and a half feet and his weight was 110 kg. The weight of his protective shell was 72 kg and the weight of the spear was 80 kg. When they combined armor, spear, shield, and sword, etc., they used to fight in the war by lifting more than 200 kg. Even today, Maharana Pratap's armor, sword, etc. are kept in the museum of Udaipur royalty.
Battle of Haldighati
This war took place between Mewar and the Mughals on 18 June 1576 AD. In this war, the army of Mewar was led by Maharana Pratap. Rila Poonja, the chieftain of the Bhil army, was a Bhil. The only Muslim chieftain to fight on behalf of Maharana Pratap in this war was Hakim Khan Suri.
In this war, the Mughal army was led by Mansingh and Asaf Khan. Abdul Qadir Badayuni narrated the eyes of this war. This war was indirectly termed Jihad by Asaf Khan. Rana Poonja Bhil played an important role in this war. In this battle, Jhalaman of Binda saved the life of Maharana Pratap by sacrificing his life. At the same time, Gwalior King Raja Ramshah Tomar' is also his Three sons' Kunwar Shalivahan ',' Kunwar Bhawani Singh 'Kunwar Pratap Singh' and grandchildren Balabhadra Singh and hundreds of heroes, including Tomar Rajput warriors, slept in Chiranidra.
Historians believe that there was no victory in this war. But if seen, Maharana Pratap Singh won this battle. How long a handful of Rajputs could stand in front of Akbar's vast army, but nothing happened, this war lasted a full day, and the Rajputs had rescued the sixes of the Mughals and the biggest thing was that the battle was fought face to face. Maharana's army defeated the Mughal army Was forced to retreat and the Mughal army started fleeing. You can read more in-depth information about this war on the war article of Haldighati.
War of war
In the history of Rajasthan, the war of Diuwar is considered to be an important war in 1582, because in this war the lost kingdoms of Rana Pratap were recaptured, this a long struggle between Rana Pratap and the Mughals took place in the form of war, due to which Colonel James Tad called this war the "Marathon of Mewar".
Maharana Pratap's horse Chetak
Along with the valor of Maharana Pratap, the valor of his horse Chetak is also world-famous. Chetak was a very intelligent and gallant horse who had saved Maharana Pratap by putting his life at stake and jumping from 26 feet deep river. The temple of Chetak remains in Haldighati even today.
Many families of Rajasthan had succumbed to Akbar's power, but Maharana Pratap struggled to maintain his dynasty and did not surrender to Akbar. He never lost patience even while keeping his wife and child with him in the worst of circumstances. To revive the morale of the army in the absence of money, Danveer Bhamashah devoted his entire treasury. Nevertheless, Maharana Pratap said that the military Apart from the requirements, I do not want a pie of your treasure. According to Akbar: - Maharana Pratap had limited resources, but still, he did not bow down, did not get scared.
Maharana Pratap's time after the battle of Haldighati was spent in the hills and forests. Through his mountain warfare policy, he defeated Akbar many times. Although Maharana Pratap had to face many kinds of sufferings while living in the jungles and hills, he did not give up his ideals. Maharana Pratap's strong intentions thwarted all efforts of Akbar's generals. The effect of his patience and courage was that despite 30 years of continuous efforts Akbar could not make Maharana Pratap a prisoner. The most loved horse of Maharana Pratap was 'Chetak' who supported his master till his last breath.
Death of Maharana Pratap
Who killed Maharana Pratap?
Finally, due to injuries suffered during hunting, Maharana Pratap went to heaven on 19 January 1597 in Chawand.